How Is Wet Underwater Welding Performed? | Equipment and Safety Requirements
Wet underwater welding is a technique performed directly in water, commonly used for repairing ships, buoys, offshore platforms, and subsea pipelines. Its biggest advantage is that it allows for rapid repair without the need for dry-docking. Wet welding is ideal for on-site marine structure maintenance.
What Is Wet Underwater Welding?
Wet welding involves the direct bonding of metal surfaces underwater using specialized electrodes. Thanks to waterproof insulation and equipment, electric current can be safely used under water. The most common technique is manual metal arc welding (MMAW).
Wet Welding Procedure
- The welding area is cleaned from marine growth, rust, and contaminants.
- A certified diver equipped with underwater welding gear dives to the site.
- Using appropriate electrodes (e.g., AWS E6013), welding begins.
- Maintaining a stable position is essential, as water currents may affect weld quality.
- After completion, the area is cooled and visually inspected.
Equipment Used
- Waterproof welding machine
- Special insulated electrodes
- Diving suits and breathing apparatus
- Underwater lighting and camera systems
- Communication systems
Safety Requirements
Due to the high risk of shock, low visibility, and water pressure, wet welding should only be performed by certified underwater welders. Comprehensive risk assessments must be carried out before any operation. Proper safety protocols are essential to prevent accidents and ensure successful results.
Advantages
- Eliminates the need for dry-docking
- Allows for fast, on-site repairs
- Reduces operational costs
- Enables efficient maintenance of marine structures
Conclusion
Wet underwater welding is a safe, rapid, and efficient repair method when performed by skilled professionals with the right equipment. It plays a critical role in maintaining the continuity of marine operations.